「In the broadest sense, the metabolome is what we eat from a tomato fruit that determines the nutritional and consumption value of this important crop. Metabolomics analyses have been applied to Arabidopsis and some crops to reveal the natural variations in chemical composition (Luo, 2015). However, the changes in metabolism during the domestication process have been rarely studied. To our knowledge, this question has been only addressed at the metabolome level in a single study, but the genetic variations underlying the metabolite changes were not explored (Beleggia et al., 2016).」
—— 「Rewiring of the Fruit Metabolome in Tomato Breeding」 Zhu, Guangtao et al. Cell , 2018 Volume 172 , Issue 1 , 249 – 261(来源,Cell 2018 年一月刊)
同义词替换:
「In the rangiest perception, the metabolome is what we eat from a tomato fruit that determines the nutritional and utilization value of this vital crop. Metabolomics studies have been applied to Arabidopsis and some crops to reveal the natural variations in chemical composition (Luo, 2015). But, the changes in metabolism during the subjugation process have been seldom studied. To our understanding, this question has been only addressed at the metabolome level in a single study, but the genetic variations underlying the metabolite alterations were not explored (Beleggia et al., 2016).」
b)替换了几乎所有的词,但是仍然保留了句子结构和关键短语,或者改变了句式,但保留关键短语等。
比如:
「Generally, what we get from a tomato fruit is the called the metabolome which determines the nutritional and utilization value of this vital crop. People (Luo, 2015) have applied metabolomics studies to Arabidopsis and some crops to reveal the natural variations in chemical composition. Although the changes in metabolism during the subjugation process have been seldom studied, this question has been only addressed at the metabolome level in a single study, but the genetic variations underlying the metabolite alterations were not explored (Beleggia et al., 2016).」
几乎所有的「剽窃」都可以用一个办法、一句话解决:「Getting things into your own words」(用你自己的话表述出来)。然而,这不废话么,我要是能用自己的话表述出来,还有那么多问题吗?!
那么,问题来了,你为什么不能用自己的话表述出来呢?
除了上述的词汇量或者知识背景不够,依我个人的经验,这个问题主要来自于自己的学习和阅读习惯。在阅读论文的时候,经常会被作者逻辑严谨的思路和精妙绝伦的表述所吸引,以至于沉浸其中,无法自拔。读完,就把大段的文字粘贴在 word 里,心里还美滋滋的,感觉收获颇丰。当自己开始写论文的时候,就开始在自己的资料库中寻找,最终,一不小心陷入「剽窃」的怪圈。为什么呢?因为你所认为的收获,不过是别人知识的重复,你从来都没有把它变成自己的,你只是把它们收藏起来。
Generally, the metabolome determines the nutrition that we can get from the crops like a tomato fruit. Although people have analyzed the metabolomics of Arabidopsis and many crops (Luo, 2015), the metabolite changes during the process of domestication have not been well studied, especially the metabolite alterations of genetic variations (Beleggia et al., 2016). ——(Zhu, Guangtao et al. Cell , 2018)